Tertiary volcanism in Iceland Björn S. Harðarson 1 , J. Godfrey Fitton 2 and Árni Hjartarson 1 1 Iceland GeoSurvey (ISOR), Grensásvegur 9, 108 Reykjavík, Iceland bsh@isor.is

Thor Thordarson, Ármann Höskuldsson: Postglacial volcanism in Iceland (pdf-skjal) T. Thordarson, G. Larsen: Volcanism in Iceland in historical time. Volcano types, eruption styles and eruptive history. (pdf-skjal) Eldfjallavefsjá

Volc. 54,385–392. Sinton, J., K.Grönvold andK.Sæmundsson2005. Postglacial eruptive history of the Western Volcanic Zone, Iceland.

The volcanism of Iceland comes from the fact that the country sits directly across the Mid Atlantic Ridge. This ridge separates the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates, and Iceland is one of the few places on earth that it can be seen above sea level. These tectonic plates are divergent, meaning that they are pulling away from each other. M. J. Rossi, Morphology and mechanism of eruption of postglacial shield volcanoes in Iceland, Bulletin of Volcanology, 10.1007/BF00304437, 57, 7, (530-540), (1996). Crossref M. Jull, D. McKenzie, The effect of deglaciation on mantle melting beneath Iceland, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 10.1029/96JB01308, 101 , B10, (21815-21828), (1996). Comparison between the model results (timing of the bursts in volcanic eruptions, REE concentration variations, and volume proportions of the subglacial, finiglacial and postglacial eruptions) and the observational data suggests that the melt ascent velocity during the last deglaciation beneath Iceland is of the order of ~100~m/year. Icelandic Met Office (IMO).

On the basis of our current post-glacial eruption data set we estimate that Icelandic volcanism has produced around 2400 eruptions and about 566±100 km 3 of A summit caldera lies beneath the ice. Several shield volcanoes have been constructed along flank fissure zones, and postglacial lava flows flank Langjökull on 1970, Postglacial crustal movements in south- The dominant products of subglacial volcanic eruptions in Iceland are pillow basalt and sideromelane tuff.

Iceland's rapidly evolving landscapes provide an opportunity to disentangle histories of uplift generated by postglacial rebound, volcanism, dynamic support, and plate spreading.

Lava flows ctive volcanic zones. Postglacial eruptions in Iceland. Jokull, 58: 197-228. Tuffen H, Gilbert J, McGarvie D, 2001.

Postglacial activity on the Askja volcanic system, north Iceland, has been dominated by basaltic volcanism. Over 80% of Askja's postglacial basalts fall within a relatively narrow compositional range containing between 4 and 8 wt.% MgO.

It Four major NE trending postglacial volcanic and tectonic fissure swarms (volcanic systems) occur on the Reykjanes Peninsula, and the westernmost three are the main subject of this paper. Two main t 1996-04-01 1986-11-01 Postglacial activity on the Askja volcanic system, north Iceland, has been dominated by basaltic volcanism. Over 80% of Askja's postglacial basalts fall within a relatively narrow compositional range containing between 4 and 8 wt.% MgO. 2020-04-10 Yesterday (20-April-2021) at 23:05 UTC an earthquake with magnitude Mw4,1 took place and was felt over a wide area and in Reykjavík. At 21:20 UTC and earthquake with magnitude of Mw3,1 took place and at 23:29 UTC an earthquake with magnitude of Mw3,2 took place. 1986-11-10 Several recent studies have highlighted the potential of combined 238 U– 230 Th and 235 U– 231 Pa systematics to constrain upwelling rates and the role of recycled mafic lithologies in mantle plume-derived basalts.

M. J. Rossi, Morphology and mechanism of eruption of postglacial shield volcanoes in Iceland, Bulletin of Volcanology, 10.1007/BF00304437, 57, 7, (530-540), (1996). Crossref M. Jull, D. McKenzie, The effect of deglaciation on mantle melting beneath Iceland, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 10.1029/96JB01308, 101 , B10, (21815-21828), (1996). There is widespread volcanic activity on Iceland because it is situated where a hot upwelling mantle plume lies beneath the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge. This upwelling generates the melt that crystallizes to form the thick Icelandic crust. The bulk of the plate divergence occurs in active rift zones, which host many young basaltic eruptions.
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Hey, check this one out: The rock band Led Zeppelin was seriously influenced by their 1970 visit to Iceland . A geological map of Iceland, with a sense of topography. Tectonism and volcanism enhanced by deglaciation events in southern Iceland - Volume 94 - Brigitte Van Vliet-Lanoë, Françoise Bergerat, Pascal Allemand, Christophe Innocentd, Hervé Guillou, Thibault Cavailhes, Águst Guðmundsson, Gilles Chazot, Jean-Luc Schneider, Philippe Grandjean, Celine Liorzou, Sophie Passot Only two major postglacial basaltic lava flows are known to have been erupted from the associated >75-km-long eruptive fissure Eldgjá and adjacent vents, i.e. the ~6,800 14C years BP Hólmsá lavas and the AD 934–940 years Eldgjá lavas (~19 km3; Larsen 2000; Thordarson et al.

Icelandic Museum Nat Hist & Iceland Geodetic Surv, 1:250,000 geol map. However, it is easy to identify the few flows that dominate the postglacial volumetric output in most of the active volcanic zones of Iceland. 2 Maps of volcanic zones showing approximate outcrop area of subglacial, early postglacial and recent eruptions, based on maps of [1991 , 1992 , 1995] and [1978] .
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Early postglacial eruptions show a greater range in MgO contents than eruptions from other times, and at a fixed MgO content, the concentration of incompatible elements in subglacial eruptions is higher than that in early postglacial eruptions. Recent eruptions from the Krafla system have similar compositions to subglacial eruptions.

Fissure eruptions. Non-eruptive fissures. Lava flows ctive volcanic zones. Postglacial eruptions in Iceland.